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Abstract

Introduction. Civil law is a fundamental branch of law whose modernization and reform are significantly influenced by global processes associated with the development of public relations. Digitalization is one such process. The product of digitalization is such a phenomenon as the digital ruble. This phenomenon is a “challenge” for both science and law enforcement practice and the legislator. The definition of the legal nature of the digital ruble deserves close attention from legal science, since the well-being of the state as a whole directly depends on how correctly the legal regulation will be implemented. Since the science of civil law is faced with the task of developing various ways to solve problems in forming the definition of the digital ruble and determining its legal nature, this is the purpose of the study. Methods. The methodological framework for the research is a set of methods of scientific cognition, including such main ones as analysis, synthesis, generalization, and comparative jurisprudence. Results. The authors have studied the essence of the digital ruble as the third form of national currency in the Russian Federation. The main purpose of the study is a comparative analysis of three forms of money: cash, non-cash funds, and the digital ruble. The authors have identified the similarities and differences between these objects of civil rights. As part of the study, various points of view of modern civilists on the problems of determining the legal nature of the digital ruble are studied. The main result is the conclusion that the digital ruble is not identical to either cash or non-cash funds. From the point of view of the legal nature of the digital ruble, it seems inappropriate to attribute it neither to the legal regime of the item nor to the right of claim. The main advantages of the digital ruble have been identified, which allow for a different look at a new form of money. The authors’ definition of the digital ruble meets the main features and peculiarities inherent in the new form of money.