예비여성창업자의 창업의도에 미치는 요인 연구

Abstract

While the participation rate of women in economic activities are becoming higher globally, Korea is still at the lowest level among OECD countries with only a slight increase. The importance of female entrepreneurship is emphasized in terms of enabling non-economically active women to be called economically active people through entrepreneurship rather than reemployment in the period of the 4th Industrial Revolution, contributing to the innovation growth of the national economy, and thus business creation as a part of women's economic activities can be an alternative for changes and growth of Korean economy. Previously, studies on female entrepreneurship have been focused on its status, support policy, the relationship between entrepreneur's characteristics and performances, and training. In order to reinvigorate female entrepreneurship, understanding of general phenomena of business creation is necessary, which in turn requires a study on the entrepreneurial intention, the starting point of entrepreneurial behaviors. Hence, in this study, a research model was designed on the basis of theory of planned behavior, social capital and social support for factors affecting the entrepreneurial intention of female entrepreneurs, and its verification attempted. For this purpose, interviews and an online survey were conducted on 150 potential female entrepreneurs, and the collected data were analyzed using statistical programs, SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0. The analysis showed that attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control and social capital had a significant impact on entrepreneurial intention while social support did not. As a result of this study, it is interpreted that the ability to utilize active social interaction among female entrepreneurs in the Korean society where networking is important is needed. It is expected that the findings of this study can be utilized as basic data that suggest a direction of new development to build a smooth support system for female startup companies, and contribute to the growth of female entrepreneurs.