Проблеми й шляхи трансформації ООН у контексті російсько-української війни

Abstract

The article makes a brief excursion into the history of international relations and focuses on the search by the world community for uniform rules of international life and relevant mechanisms for its regulation. It is noted that this epochal search was implemented during the formation of the first system of international relations in the XVII century. After each of the 5 established systems of international relations had been formed, peoples agreed on the rules of international coexistence and created relevant international security institutions. The most renowned are the League of Nations and the United Nations Organization. The article claims that it was the UN, created after World War II, which functioned as an universal, legitimate and official mechanism for regulating relations between states. The author emphasizes that after the collapse of the USSR, the Yalta-Potsdam system of international relations ceased to function. The old UN still continues to operate, albeit under new geopolitical conditions. Examples of inefficiency of the UN in exercising its authority in modern circumstances are given; most importantly, we are talking about ineptitude in the prevention of international conflicts. The inefficiency of the UN structures and their leaders in the context of the treacherous attack of the Russian Federation on Ukraine and the unleashing of a full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war is clearly visible. The visit of UN Secretary General A. Guterres to Ukraine and its results are described. The principal approaches and models for reforming the UN proposed by states, regions, groups of diplomats are considered. The contribution of domestic diplomats to the renewal and reform of the UN is highlighted and specified. The conclusion is justified that Ukraine will play leading role in creation of post-war international security system.