Завязываемость плодов хеномелеса японского в условиях Южной Лесостепой зоны Омской области и влияющие факторы

Abstract

When introduced into the culture of new breeds, to which the Chaenomeles japonica belongs, the study of their ability to set fruit in this zone is of particular importance. The purpose of the research is to determine the fruit set in the Chaenomeles japonica during natural pollination in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of the Omsk Region and to identify the factors influencing the process. The objects of the research were the forms of the Chaenomeles japonica 1-2, 1-3, 3-4, 4-24, selected among seedlings in the garden of Omsk State Agrarian University. As a result of research, the variation in the viability of pollen over the years for the same form was determined from 34.7 to 93.4%. A strong direct correlation dependence of pollen viability on the sum of effective temperatures and relative air humidity (r = + 0.99 and + 0.86) has been established. An ambiguous effect was revealed on the subsidence of flowers and ovaries in different forms of henomeles, both external factors (precipitation, average daily air temperature, the sum of effective temperatures during the flowering period) and biological properties (pollen viability, degree of flowering, length of shoots) and their combinations in different years. Depending on the biological properties of plants, the complex of external factors and their combinations in different years, the fruit set in the Chaenomeles japonica varies in the conditions of this zone within 20.0-85.7%.