답리작 재배 청보리 사일리지 급여가 거세 한우의 증체, 사료요구량 및 육질에 미치는 영향

Abstract

본 연구는 답리작에서 보리를 재배하여 사일리지를 조제하고 거세 한우에게 청보리 사일리지를 급여하여 성장, 사료이용성, 도체특성 및 육질개선 효과를 구명하고자 전북 정읍 농가에서 4개월령 거세 한우 육성우 21두를 공시하여 27개령까지 사육하였다. 대조구(일반볏짚구), 청보리 사일리지구, 생볏짚 사일리지+청보리 사일리지구 등 3처리를 두었으며, 배합사료는 육성기는 체중의 1.5%, 비육전기는 1.8%, 비육후기는 자유 채식하도록 하였고, 조사료는 사육기간 자유채식을 원칙으로 하였다. 청보리 사일리지의 평균 생산량은 ha당 사일리지 17,135 kg, 건물 6,011 kg 이었으며, 사일리지의 품질등급은 청보리에서 2~3등급, 생볏짚은 4등급이었다. 청보리 사일리지 급여로 거세 한우증체와 배합사료 절감효과가 뚜렷하였는데, 육성기에는 일당증체 65% 증가, kg 증체당 배합사료 35% 절감, 비육전기는 일당증체 7% 증가, kg 증체당 배합사료 19% 절감, 그리고 전기간으로는 일당증체 8% 증가, kg 증체당 배합사료 18% 절감효과가 있었다. 또 청보리 사일리지구에서 육질 1등급 이상 출현율은 62.5%로 대조구(37.5%)에 비해 높았으며, 근내지방도도 4.38로 대조구(2.75)에 비해 높았고, 고기의 보수력, 가열감량, 다즙성, 연도, 향미 등도 우수하였다(p<0.05). 답리작 재배 청보리는 양질 사료작물로 거세 한우의 증체와 배합사료 절감, 육질개선에 효과적이었으며, 육성기와 비육전기 위주 급여가 바람직하였고, 답리작을 이용한 월동 사료작물 재배확대가 기대되었다. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of feeding whole crop barley silage (WBS) on the growth performance, gain, feed requirement, carcass grade and beef quality of Hanwoo steers in 1999 to 2001. Twenty one steers were allocated, and divided into three treatment groups which fed rice straw only (control), WBS only, and fresh rice straw silage plus WBS during overall period ad libitum. Concentrates were fed at 1.5% level of live-body weight during growing stages, 4~12 months of age, at 1.8% level of live-body weight during early fattening stages, 13~18 months of age, and ad libitum after late fattening stages, 19~27months of age. The production yields of WBS were 17,135 kg as a silage, and 6,011 kg as a dry matter per ha, and the quality of WBS was 2~3 grade, while that of rice straw silage was 4grade. The daily gain with feeding of WBS (0.70 kg) during experimental period was higher than that of control group (0.65 kg), and the concentrate requirement (7.31 kg) per kg gain in WBS was lower than that of control (8.95 kg). The effects of gain and feed efficiency were very distinct during growing stage. i.e., the daily gain of WBS (0.84 kg) was increased by 65% compared to control (0.51 kg), and the concentrate requirement (4.16 kg) per kg gain in feeding of WBS was decreased by 35%, compared to control (6.39 kg). Meat quality with WBS was higher than that of control. Frequency rate of 1 and/or <TEX>$1^+$</TEX> grade, and marbling score of feeding of WBS were 62.5% and 4.38, while those of control were 37.5% and 2.75, respectively. The results of the sensory evaluation showed that Hanwoo beef fed with WBS were better than that of control. In conclusion, feeding of WBS was desirable to improve daily gain, reduction of concentrates, feed efficiency and meat quality of Hanwoo steers.