Перинатальная патология и ее исходы к трехлетнему возрасту у глубоконедоношенных детей с дыхательными нарушениями

Abstract

Objective. A single-center prospective study of late preterm children’s health condition in the neo-natal period and at the age of 3 was conducted. Patients and methods. 115 late preterm children with respiratory disorders were examined. Two observation groups were formed: group 1 – 62 children with congenital pneumonia, group 2 – 53 children with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Results. Children with congenital pneumonia, unlike those with RDS, are born at earlier periods of gestation reliably more often: they are born in extremely critical condition, have a low Apgar score at 5 minutes after birth, require surfactant re-administration. In addition, they are significantly more often diagnosed with brain ischemia (grade III) and intraventricular hemorrhages (grade II–III), acute anemia, hemodynamically significant ductus arteriosus, retinopathy of prematurity and bron-chopulmonary dysplasia. By the age of 3, 59.7% of children from group 1 and 83.0% of children from group 2 are practically healthy. However, transferred congenital pneumonia worsens health indicators at the age of 3: these children more frequently have health group III, a low level of body resistance to external influences and higher disability rates. Conclusion. The presence of congenital pneumonia is an aggravating factor of late preterm chil-dren’s health condition not only in the neonatal period, but also by the age of 3. Keywords: congenital pneumonia, late preterm infant, health groups, catamnesis, neonatal period, perinatal pathology, respiratory distress syndrome