Разработка средств локализации взрывов угольной пыли

Abstract

The aim of the research was to increase the speed of the device for localizing coal dust explosions to reliably suppress the fire front by creating a barrier from a cloud of fire extinguishing agent and, as a result, stopping the spread of an explosion in a mine working. The result is an increase in the safety of a mine personnel. In the paper, an integrated approach was applied, including the following: analysis and generalization of statistical data on explosions of the methane-air and dust-air mixtures in the mines of Ukraine; critical analysis of means of localization of explosions of coal dust; computer simulation of stress propagation in a rock mass during an explosion. The obtained data on the propagation of stresses in a rock mass allowed to scientifically substantiate the new approach to obtaining information about a shock front approaching. The results of the study confirmed that the transfer of dust accumulations into a suspended state under the influence of seismic waves moving along the working with a significant advance of the explosion front creates conditions for the formation of an explosive concentration of dust ahead of the fire front. Earlier receipt of an explosion signal from a seismic sensor can contribute to the formation of an explosion-proof environment even before the fire front approaches, which will allow taking measures to prevent the creation of a combustible environment and the formation of a non-combustible zone in the path of the fire front. Thanks to the discovery of the mechanism of propagation of explosion energy in a mountain environment, a fundamentally new approach to detecting an explosion in a mine working was substantiated, and a new design of a device for localizing coal dust explosions was developed. The introduction of this device will speed up the localization of dust explosions by creating an efficient barrier from a cloud of fire extinguishing agents. At the same time, an explosion-proof environment will be formed in the mine working, which will lead to an increase in the level of protection of miners from the harmful and hazardous explosion factors.