Abstract
The calyx of Diospyros kaki has been known to be effective for the treatment of intractable hiccups for a long time in Korea medicine. In this review, we provide a summary of the latest pharmacological efficacy and clinical study of the calyx of Diospyros kaki. Seven electronic databases, including those in English (PubMed), Korean (KMbase, KoreaMED, NDSL, OASIS), Chinese (CNKI), and Japanese (J-STAGE), were systematically searched. Twenty-five studies, including 21 pharmacological efficacy studies and four clinical studies, were evaluated. The calyx of Diospyros kaki showed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, anti-thrombotic, anti-cancer, antimicrobial, anti-genotoxic, tyrosinase inhibitory, elastase inhibitory, and diaphragm contraction inhibitory effect. Antioxidant components of the calyx of Diospyros kaki were identified tannin, quercetin, catechin, gallic acid, and rutin. Also, the calyx of Diospyros kaki was effective for treatment of omphalitis of newborn, and intractable hiccups with serious diseases such as cancer in clinical studies. Further investigations are needed to explore individual bioactive compounds responsible for these pharmacological effects in vitro and in vivo. We hope to develop new potential natural drug candidates along with much scientific evidence from pharmacologic and clinical studies of the calyx of Diospyros kaki.
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