Проблема «человек – мир» в буддизме: сущность и особенности

Abstract

The article examines the problems of man and the world in Buddhism. A feature of the solution of this problem in modern religious studies is revealed, which is revealed through the fundamental categories of Buddhist dogma. A person in earthly life wants to gain a lot, but only achieves ghosts. The Buddha's teaching reveals the illusory nature of everything that exists in the world. Hence the suffering of man, which is the substance of human existence. The salvation of man, according to Buddhism, is in the hands of man himself. The goal of human life, accordingly, is the withdrawal from all desires, sufferings, detachment from the world of things, the destruction of the tower of ghosts and the attainment of nirvana (extinction), a state where all passions, emotions and desires are quenched.The authors emphasize that all the basic concepts of Buddhism, its understanding of the problems of man and the world, according to tradition, were suffered, experienced by the Buddha in his enlightenment and formulated by him in the Benares sermon. The noble truths are revealed, the eightfold path of salvation is the path to enlightenment (samadhi), and then to nirvana. The analysis of the basic concepts of Buddhism - karma, samsara, dharma, samadhi, moksha, nirvana, etc. is given. Problems of complex ritual of Buddhism, cult practice, in particular, meditation, prayer, worship of stupas - cult constructions are investigated. Buddhism reveals itself as a humane, highly spiritual religion that has the right to exist in our information age.