КЛАСИФІКАЦІЯ АКТУАЛЬНИХ ЗАГРОЗ ЕКОНОМІЧНІЙ БЕЗПЕЦІ ДЕРЖАВИ В КОНТЕКСТІ КРИЗОВИХ ТЕНДЕНЦІЙ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

Abstract

In today's crisis conditions, the functioning of the Ukrainian economy, its significant shadowing, the corruption of power, the excessive indebtedness of the state, low innovation and investment activity and negative demographic trends, there was a discrepancy between the existing system of economic security and its mechanism of counteracting threats, destructive factors of danger and existing threats, and new, specific, generated by a globalized environment and external aggression. The question about the creation of new models of national economic security, that would be effective in solving the problems of protection from modified traditional and new, specific threats, was raised. Despite the significant developments in the theory of economic security, the problem of timely detection, identification and neutralization of threats to the country's economic security remains unresolved, in particular due to the lack of a unified approach to their classification and systematization, especially with regard to modified traditional and new, specific threats. Efficiency and effectiveness of solving problems of protection against traditional and new threats is due, above all, to the correctness of their systematization and classification. In the article the approaches in the scientific literature to the classification of threats to the economic security of the state and systematization and classification of these threats in the system of economic security of the state, taking into account the trends of the current crisis situation in the economy of Ukraine are summarized. The National Security Strategy of Ukraine, approved by the Decree of the President of Ukraine dated May 26, 2015, No. 287/2015, identified, among other things, the main topical threats to the national security of Ukraine in the economic sphere. However, according to the legislation, the classification of threats to economic security is provided only within the framework of national security and does not take into account, in general, all components of the economic security of the state. At the same time, the scientific literature offers a sufficient number of different criteria for their classification. Having done their generalization, it is possible to classify the actual threats to the economic security of the state by many criteria. Such a multi-criteria classification makes it possible to comprehensively assess the variety of threats, the scale of their manifestation and the sources of their occurrence, for the adoption of managerial decisions of a biased effect on them, and not only to overcome the consequences of the manifestation of these threats. The process of occurrence of threats is complex and complex. It occurs under the influence of certain factors, phenomena and events that act as catalysts of these threats under certain conditions, which constantly and dynamically change in the external and internal environment. At the same time, each threat has its own special, as a prerequisite for the emergence, and the nature of the manifestation and degree of influence on the indicators of economic security of the state. The classification of actual threats to the economic security of the state, taking into account both traditional, known threats, and new, specific, can be used for their identification, classification, determination of causal relationships, sequence and sources of origin, assessment of the extent of their manifestation in planning and implementation of a set of measures to ensure the country's economic security and, accordingly, in creating the latest effective models of national economic security.