Прояв гіпертрофічної форми кардіоміопатії у свійського кота за хронічної ниркової недостатності

Abstract

Among all the diseases of the cardiovascular system cardiomyopathy have the greatest clinical significance. The term "cardiomyopathy" is considered to be a large group of different etiology and pathogenesis of myocardial dystrophic diseases with similar clinical picture. The share of domestic cat cardiomyopathy accounts for over 95% of all heart disease. Cardiomyopathies animals are divided into primary and secondary. Primary cardiomyopathy is called idiopathic because it is not always possible to detect a pathological causative factor. Examples of primary forms of cardiomyopathy may be hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in humans and certain breeds of domestic cat in which the disease is genetically conditioned and has autosomal dominant inheritance. For reasons that may cause the secondary form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy include hyperthyroidism, kidney disease, chronic anemia and al. Pathology. Therefore, the vast number of cardiomyopathies in the domestic cat may be secondary causative nature. Logic would suggest that future research and survey on domestic cat cardiomyopathies, will make it possible to identify the primary disease and idiopathic cardiomyopathy does not count. Kidneys are one of the bodies through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) regulate the constancy of blood pressure in animals. For chronic kidney pathologies is activation of the RAAS, referring to the long-term compensatory processes of heart failure and can have a direct effect on the expression of hypertrophic changes in myocardium. The purpose of this work – to investigate the expression of hypertrophic form cardiomyopathy in the domestic cat with chronic renal insufficiency. For the detection and confirmation of chronic renal insufficiency in the domestic cat was carried out biochemical studies of blood serum, using a semi-automatic biochemical analyzer StatFax 1904+ production Awareness Technology (USA) and chemicals production BioSystems. For the diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the form of domestic cat used the method of ultrasound study of the heart (echocardiography). Echocardiography was performed on ultrasound systems «MyLab Class C» company «Esaote» and «Imagic Agile» company «Kontron Medical», using sector (phased) sensors. The research results were subjected to statistical analysis in the editor Microsoft Excel, using the method of variation statistics for average values. The paper used the research results of 15 domestic cats aged 1 to 16 years. Among the total number of cats studied the vast number of animals belonged to the Scottish breed. Assessment of kidney function domestic cat study conducted by the concentration of creatinine and urea in blood serum.. Animals of the experimental group were mainly symptoms of pulmonary edema, indicating a more severe course of cardiomyopathy. The research results indicate the average increase in creatinine concentration to 188,2 ± 27,4 mсmol / L in animal experimental group, which is 2,2 times more than in clinically healthy animals in the control group (р≤0,001). Accordingly, the observed and increase the average concentration of urea to 18,8 ± 2,91 mmol / L in animal experimental group, which is 2,5 times more than in clinically healthy animals in the control group (p≤0,002). The result of the study is the high reliability confirm the presence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the form of domestic cat with chronic renal insufficiency. Analysis of the results of research makes it possible to consider a hypothetical chronic renal insufficiency in the domestic cat possible etiological factor in hypertrophic myocardium changes. As a regulatory effect on blood pressure constancy belongs kidneys through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, the existing pathological changes in the myocardium in the domestic cat can be considered as concentric myocardial hypertrophy due to systemic hypertension, which develops in chronic kidney disease. The prospect of further development is the study of various pathologies that may have a potential impact on the development of cardiomyopathy in a domestic cat. It will allow a significant amount of domestic cat cardiomyopathies excluded from the group of "idiopathic".