과루인(瓜蔞仁), 치자(梔子), 백지(白芷)의 시험관내 항균 및 항염 효과

Abstract

Objectives: The object of this study was to observe the in vitro anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of three single aqueous herbal extracts(Trichosanthes Semen, Gardeniae Fructus, and Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), traditionally used for treating various gynecological diseases including mastitis in Korea, against Staphylococcus aureus and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-activated Raw 264.7 cells. Methods: Anti-bacterial activities of three single aqueous herbal extracts against S. aureus were detected using standard agar microdilution methods. In addition, the effects on the cell viability, <TEX>$PGE_2$</TEX>, NO, TNF-<TEX>${\alpha}$</TEX>, IL-<TEX>$1{\beta}$</TEX> and IL-6 productions of LPS activated Raw 264.7 cells. The anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory effects were compared with lincomycin and piroxicam, respectively in the present study. Results: MIC of three single aqueous herbal extracts against S. aureus were detected as over 25, <TEX>$4.063{\pm}2.096$</TEX> and <TEX>$1.641{\pm}0.972$</TEX> mg/ml, respectively. MIC of lincomycin was detected as <TEX>$0.469{\pm}0.297{\mu}g/ml$</TEX> at same conditions. In addition, <TEX>$ED_{50}$</TEX> against LPS-induced cell viabilities and cytokine releases of three single aqueous herbal extracts were as follows - cell viability: 7.635, 13.761, 6.986 mg/ml, NO production : 4.808, 22.015, 2.949 mg/ml, <TEX>$PGE_2$</TEX> production : 3.040, 4.312, 0.821 mg/ml, TNF-<TEX>${\alpha}$</TEX> production : 9.563, 54.931, 1.240 mg/ml, IL-<TEX>$1{\beta}$</TEX> production : 1.362, 1.801, 0.534 mg/ml, IL-6 production : 0.371, 0.797, 0.202 mg/ml, respectively. <TEX>$ED_{50}$</TEX> of piroxicam against LPS-induced cell viabilities, NO, <TEX>$PGE_2$</TEX>, TNF-<TEX>${\alpha}$</TEX>, IL-<TEX>$1{\beta}$</TEX> and IL-6 were detected as 35.179, 6.552, 1.162, 7.273, 7.101 and 5.044 <TEX>${\mu}g/ml$</TEX>, respectively at same conditions. Conclusions: The results of the study showed anti-bacterial effects against S. aureus in the order of Gardeniae Fructus and Angelicae Dahuricae Radix aqueous extracts, except for Trichosanthes Semen. They also showed anti-inflammatory effects against LPS-activated Raw 264.7 cells in the order of Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Trichosanthes Semen, and Gardeniae Fructus aqueous extracts. These three herbs are expected to be great substitutes to reduce side-effect of lincomycin and piroxicam, if the amount of those three single aqueous herbal extracts is adjusted appropriately.