АНАТОМО-ТОПОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ СТРОЕНИЯ ЛИЦЕВОГО НЕРВА ПО ДАННЫМ КОНУСНО-ЛУЧЕВОЙ КОМПЬЮТЕРНОЙ ТОМОГРАФИИ

Abstract

Introduction. Cone-beam computer tomography (CBCT) was introduced into the ENT practice more than 10 years ago. In recent years, it is actively used to visualize temporal bones in acute and chronic diseases of the middle ear (especially in visualizing implants of the middle and inner ear, shunts), but there is no precise description of anatomical features of the temporal bone’s structure. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of tomogram, made on a Sirona tomograph, Galaxis / Galileos software for the period from 08/04/2016 to 23/06/2017, in overall, there was analyzed 82 images, from which 71 images of temporal bones were selected from 41 people. Group 1 - CT of the temporal bone in patients with signs of acute inflammation of the middle ear, group 2 - CT of the temporal bone in patients with signs of chronic inflammation of the middle ear, group 3 - CT of the temporal bone in patients without signs of inflammation. Results. An algorithm for assessing the temporal bone according to the above parameters is(was) proposed. When three groups were compared, the length of the mastoid and drum part of the facial nerve, the canal of the facial nerve near the aditus ad antrum and the horizontal semicircular canal were revealed, and the distance between them, regardless to the progress of the disease, corresponds to the parameters of the norm. Conclusion. Thus, taking into account the data of the retrospective analysis, it should be noted that there was no significant difference between the quantitative indices of the facial nerve’s canal structure without inflammation and in the acute and chronic pathology of the middle ear