ВПЛИВ ДОБАВКИ СПИРТУ ДО БЕНЗИНУ НА ВИКИДИ ЗАБРУДНЮЮЧИХ РЕЧОВИН З ВІДПРАЦЬОВАНИМИ ГАЗАМИ ДВИГУНА З ІСКРОВИМ ЗАПАЛЮВАННЯМ

Abstract

The constant increasing the number of motor vehicles leads to increase the fuel consumption. Because of oil reserves are exhaustive, the problem of replacing the petroleum fuel with alternative ones is actual. One of which is alcohol fuel. At present, the shortage of motor fuels for internal combustion engines requires their improvment in order to reduce fuel consumption and use the alcohol and various its blends with conventional petroleum-based fuels. The pollutant emissions from motor vehicles are more than a third part of the total emissions to atmosphere and more than 90% of all mobile sources. In addition, motor vehicles are the main source of environmental pollution precisely in places with high concentration of people. It enhances significantly the negative impact of motor transport. In the article it is considered the impact of alcohol additive in standard gasoline on the mass emissions of harmful substances by modern petrol engine equipped with fuel injection system with feedback. The study of using the alcohol and gasoline fuel blends with different content of the alcohol in range from 0 to 36% has been fulfilled. Dependence of load influence on the mass emissions of pollutants is found. Oxygen concentration in fuel are increased when using the alcohols. It contributes to more complete combustion of the fuel and reduction the mass emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. The disadvantages of the alcohol and gasoline fuel blends include less net calorific value than for conventional gasoline and increased emissions of nitrogen oxides due to free oxygen presence. The mass emissions of harmful substances equivalent to carbon monoxide G∑CO have been slightly increased when using the alcohol and gasoline fuel blends. It is explained by increasing the nitrogen oxides emissions. Objective: To determine the effect of alcohol content in blended fuel for mass emissions of pollutants. Object: environmental performance of spark ignition engine powered by the alcohol and gasoline fuel blends. Subject: determination of expedient alcohol content in the fuel to improve environmental performance of spark ignition engine. The conclusions have been made and the obtained results have been analyzed for further experimental and theoretical studies. KEYWORDS: GASOLINE, ALCOHOL, BLENDED FUEL, EXHAUST GAS, POLLUTANTS, MASS EMISSIONS.