Теорії міграції населення та їх значення для вивчення міграційних настроїв у ХХІ ст

Abstract

The main theories of migration are considered in the article, the formation of the theoretical base of researches of migration flows of the end of the XIX–XX centuries is analyzed. The works of foreign scientists devoted to the study of migration processes are considered. The generalizing trends for research of migratory moods of the population in the XXI century are offered. In today's world, migration is an important and integral part of it, and at the same time it is the most acute problem of the entire world community. Spontaneous flows of migrants change the demographic structure, affect the distribution of economic and social benefits, interfere in the legally regulated policy of a state in order to obtain their own benefits. The phenomenon of migration in the XXI century. manifested in the dynamics and is characterized by increasingly complex processes in the study of its international manifestations. During the twentieth century as the main object of different migration concepts were considered the causes of migration, different types of migration, developed various theories of migration at both macro and micro levels (explaining internal and external migration, or international on the basis of different paradigms). A systematic approach in the study of migration theories allowed us to consider this phenomenon in the context of political, social, economic, demographic, environmental and others. realities. This allowed scientists to analyze migration processes at both the starting and ending points of population movement. The study of migration attitudes through the prism of globalization processes, management of migration flows, the formation of common legislation in the field of international migration – the main factors for the analysis of migration as a social phenomenon in the modern world.