ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ НАУЧНЫХ ЭКСПОЗИЦИЙ БОТАНИЧЕСКГО САДА Г. АСТАНЫ

Abstract

The Botanical Garden of Astana Sity (Kazakhstan) officially opened in 2018 with the participation of the first President, dedicated to the 20th anniversary of the capital of Kazakhstan. The Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated July 07, 2006 No. 175-Sh "On specially protected natural territories" and the "List of specially protected natural territories of republican significance", approved by the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated July 19, 2005 No. 776, the botanical garden of Astana Sity established the status of a specially protected natural territory of Republican significance. The main value of the botanical garden is its exposition areas. Geographical expositions are represented by zones with tree and shrub plantations: - "Northeast Kazakhstan", "Europe and conifers", "collection of decorative forms and varieties", "Steppe of Western Kazakhstan" and "North America", "Siberia and the Far East", "East Asia". In total, more than 13,000 tree and shrub species and more than 300 species have been planted in collection scientific sites for this period. On the territory of the garden there is a modern greenhouse complex, according to the type of climatron, with an area of 1560.4 m2, in which more than 247 plant species grow. Seven exposition sites have been created in the open-ground laboratory: The exposition of bulbous plants, Tulipa L., Narcissus L. and small-leaved plants of the genus Fritillaria L., Hyacinthus L., Crocus L., Scilla L., Muscari Mill., Galanthus L., etc., more than 80 varieties; the exposition of Hemerocallis L. has 52 varieties; the exposition of Iris L. consists of 4 species and more than 35 varieties., (bearded and not bearded); exposition medicinal plants -73 species from 60 genera and 29 families. Large families in the collection fund are: Lamiaceae (14 species), Asteraceae (10 species), Rosaceae (8 species); the exposition of Allium L. consists of 14 species, all representatives of the Kazakh flora, 2 of which are listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Allium altaicum Pall., Allium caerulem Pall.); the exposition of the garden of continuous flowering consists of perennial (Paeonia L - 6 species, 16 varieties; Hydrangea L., varieties Solidago virgaurea L., Gladiolus L., Sedum hybridum L.) and annual flower and ornamental plants, more than 25 species - Petunia Juss., Tagetes patula L., Malope rtifida, Ageratum L., Zinnia elegans, Eschscholzia californica, Amaranthus L., etc. The exposition of rare endangered and endemic plants includes 17 species, of which 1 is a shrub (Berberis iliensis Popov). Plants belong to various categories of rarity, from 1 to 4. Highly stable in the conditions of the collection species: Leuzea carthamoides (Willd.) DC Lag. (Rhaponticum carthamoides (Willd.) Iljin), Tulipa kolpakowskiana Regel × T. ostrowskiana Regel, Tulipa tarda Stapf., Tulipa greigii Regel., Tulipa biflora Pall., Allium caerulem Pall., Anemonoides sylvestris (L.) Galasso, Banfi & Soldano (*Anemone sylvestris L.), Iljin., Allium altaicum Pall., Paeonia anomala L., Berberis integerrima Bunge (*Berberis iliensis Popov), Adonis vernalis L., Iris pumila cv. Cyanea', Iris pumila cv. Lutea., Cypripedium calceolus L., Niedzwedzkia semiretschenskia B. Fedtsch., Adonis wolgensis Steven ex DC, Adonis vernalis L. endemes of Phalacrachena calva (Ledeb. ex DC.), Iris sibirica L.., Hissopus macranthus Boriss., Ixiolirion tataricum (Pall.) Schult. & Schult.f. These species have a high percentage of seed formation, reproduce well vegetatively or by seeds, are resistant to pests and pathogens, which indicates their ecological plasticity and high introduction ability.