Abstract
Goal. To study the influence of advanced technologies of defecation on the dynamics of fertility, physicochemical and agrochemical properties of gray forest slightly acidic soil and slightly acidic leached chernozem, the productivity of sugar beets at biologization of fertilizer systems in the Right Bank and Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Physicochemical and agrochemical analyzes of soil, phenological observations of plant growth and development were carried out. Results. 1.5 dose of CaCO3 calculated according to Ng (9.0 and 7.5 t/ha in physical weight) was determined to be the most effective for the soil-harvesting complex of gray forest weakly acidic soil and typical leached weakly acidic chernozem. The maximum neutralization of soil acidity was achieved: the pH of the soil solution increased to 7.2 and 6.9, the hydrolytic acidity of soils decreased to 0.42 and 1.0 cmole/kg of soil with an increase in the number of absorbed bases to 25.7 and 28, 5 cmole/kg of soil and the degree of saturation of the bases up to 95.3 and 97.0%. The most effective rate of defecation in terms of the impact on the content of basic nutrients in the gray forest slightly acidic soil and slightly acidic leached chernozem was 1.5 dose of CaCO3 calculated according to Ng (9.0 and 7.5 t/ha in physical weight). In such conditions, the maximum alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen content was reached — 207.3 and 140.5, as well as the content of mobile phosphorus — 357.7 and 172.4, potassium exchange — 198.4 and 106.4 mg/kg of soil, respectively. The productivity of sugar beets increased to 52.7 and 67.7 t/ha with sugar harvest — 10.3 and 12.0 t/ha, respectively. Conclusions. The application of defecates on weakly acidic gray forest soil and weakly acidic leached chernozem with improved methods and technologies of application of sugar beet fertilization systems for biologization contributed to the improvement of physicochemical and agrochemical properties of soils while maintaining their fertility and productivity.
Highlights
Хімічна меліорація кислих ґрунтів з відтворенням і регулюванням їх родючості за біологізації систем удобрення в умовах Лісостепу України слабокислому ґрунті та чорноземі вилугуваному слабокислому визначено внесення [1,5] норми СаСО3 за Нг (9,0 та [7,5] т/га у фізичній вазі)
The application of defecates on weakly acidic gray forest soil and weakly acidic leached chernozem with improved methods and technologies of application of sugar beet fertilization systems for biologization contributed to the improvement of physicochemical and agrochemical properties of soils while maintaining their fertility and productivity
Summary
Хімічна меліорація кислих ґрунтів з відтворенням і регулюванням їх родючості за біологізації систем удобрення в умовах Лісостепу України слабокислому ґрунті та чорноземі вилугуваному слабокислому визначено внесення [1,5] норми СаСО3 за Нг (9,0 та [7,5] т/га у фізичній вазі). Застосування дефекату на слабокислому сірому лісовому ґрунті і чорноземі вилугуваному слабокислому за вдосконалених способів і технологій внесення за біологізації систем удобрення буряків цукрових сприяло поліпшенню фізико-хімічних та агрохімічних властивостей ґрунтів зі збереженням їх родючості і продуктивності.
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