Гендерні особливості зорового сприйняття та переробки інформації у борців

Abstract

. Purpose: to study gender peculiarities of visual perception and information processing of female wrestlers. Material and methods. The research involved 23 female and 22 male wrestlers, members of the national teams of Ukraine. We studied the perception and decision-making in testing conditions using the hardware and software complex «Multispychometer-05». The perception of visual information was studied by the perceptual speed test. The athlete was asked to find the missing element of geometric shapes among the proposed on the display screen. The task was to quickly and accurately recognize the missing element. The following indicators were determined: speed, performance, accuracy and efficiency of visual perception. Decision making was studied by a choice test among three stimuli of different colors. The stimuli appeared randomly, the task of the athlete was to respond quickly and accurately to the corresponding stimulus with the right or left hand. The speed of sensory response was studied by the test of determining the latent time of a simple visual-motor reaction. The sportsman was offered to react to a random stimulus as quickly as possible. The latency and stability of the reaction were determined. Results: the study of gender peculiarities of visual perception and information processing in wrestlers was conducted. For sports wrestling perception and processing of information is an important property that provides adequate decision-making in the fight with the active action of the opponent. The best indicator in the study of decision-making time, in terms of choosing stimuli among different external stimuli, was found in men. They make decisions more quickly in conditions of time limit than women. At the same time, women have a faster level of perception of visual information with simultaneous psycho-emotional stress. Men have a faster nature of information processing and decision-making on external visual stimuli. It is advisable to use the results of the study for the construction of training load of women in wrestling. Conclusions. The results of the study showed that the faster nature of visual perception in women who specialize in wrestling than in men wrestlers. The presence of faster decision-making in men wrestlers compared to women in the choice of an external stimulus was revealed. The slowing down of the time of visual-motor reaction in women against the background of the growth of psycho-emotional tension is established. Keywords: freestyle wrestling, elite sportsmen, visual-motor reaction, gender peculiarities.