«ЗЕЛЕНАЯ» ЭНЕРГЕТИКА: ФАКТОРЫ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ

Abstract

The key condition for the transition to socio-economic development, taking into account environmental constraints, is to meet the current needs of people without prejudice to future generations and the ecosystem of the planet. The intensification of the deve- lopment of the world economy and industrial revolutions had a negative impact on the state of the environment. Reducing the effects of climate change and achieving the required level of decarbonization of the world economy, including by increasing the importance of alternative energy sources, is a key item on the climate agenda of most countries of the world. Achievement of these goals is possible only if the global energy is transformed. The article reveals the environmental and economic factors of sustainable development of the “green” energy sector. In the course of the research, specific data were used that characterize the development of global energy. Methods of comparative analysis were used to process the data. As a result of the conducted studies, it was found that the expansion of the use of alternative energy sources is inevitable, however, the negative environmental impact of each of them is incomparable with traditional sources, individually and gradually decreasing. The analysis has demonstrated the formation of favorable economic factors for sustainable development of the green energy sector: cost reduction and productivity growth of alternative energy based on the introduction of innovations. In addition, it was noted that there is a steady demand for the segment of renewable energy sources, supported by the needs of economic systems of various levels in the framework of the implementation of the sustainable development strategy within the framework of the “green” trend.