مبارزه غیرشیمیایی با علفهای هرز باغات پسته در منطقه فیض آباد

Abstract

A study was conducted to evaluate non chemical methods of weed control in pistachio (Pistachio vera) gardens, located in Feyzabad, Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran, in 2007. The layout was completely randomized block design with six treatments and three replications. Non-chemical treatments were three types of mulches (plastic cover, saw dust and wheat hay (straw)), flaming and rotivating plus an untreated control. Treatments were applied at 5-7 leaf stage of weeds. 35 days after treatments weed density and weed dry matter were measured in each plot. The results showed rotivating, flaming and using mulches (plastic cover, saw dust and wheat hay) caused significant decrease (p<0.01) in weed density and weed dry matter compare to the untreated control, respectively. The highest and the lowest weed control efficiency and cost related to plastic mulch and rotivator treatment with 55,000,000 rials and 240,000 rials, respectively. Plastic mulch was not advisable due to the high cost of application. Gardeners prefer rotivator treatment due to the maintaining soil moisture and simplicity of operation. Our results showed in economical point of view, using rotivator for weed control was cost effective but did not controlled weeds as well as plastic, saw dust and wheat hay mulches. In conclusion, saw dust and wheat hay mulches were best treatments advisable for weed control in pistachio gardens by considering both economical and weed control efficiency aspects.