К ИЗУЧЕНИЮ ФОРМ И ОБЪЕМОВ СОСУДОВ ДЬЯКОВСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ

Abstract

The article relates results of study of shapes and capacities of the Dyakovo culture pottery. Analysis of vessel shapes has been carried in accordance of procedure developed by A.A. Bobrinsky. The data on construction peculiarities and general proportionality of vessel forms obtained from Mutenkovkoye, Starshee Kashirskoye, Korystovskoie, Dyakovo and Nastas’ino fortified settlements. 9 types of construction have been separated. Among these types there are original Dyakovo culture vessels constructions as well as types that emerged due to the impact of other cultural traditions. These last mentioned types have such functional part as a “cheek” in structure of their construction. Forms that are results of various pottery traditions of vessel shapes creation amalgamation are detached. The due attention has been paid to difference of proportions within various types of construction. It is established that vessels that have cheeks posses a higher proportions. It is understood that the impact of other traditions took place from the second and the first centuries B.C. to the second century A.D. On the basis of data on capacities, proportions and constructions of forms a suggestion is put forward that at least two different functional groups of pottery existed within the framework of the original Dyakovo culture tradition. The first group consists of pot-like forms of low proportions and dish-pots of predominantly constructions of types 1 and 2. Capacity of these pots was less than 3 litres. Pot-like forms of higher proportions represent the second group. Capacity of pottery of the second group exceeds 3 litre. Constructions of these pots belong predominantly to types 3 and 5. At the same time it should be noted that there is no abrupt borders between these groups. That indicates a low differentiation of vessel forms and functions and is peculiar for pottery of the original Dyakovo culture tradition.