Abstract
The object of research is the technology of iron smelting when using ore-coal compositions. The purpose of the work is the effect of changing the composition of the blast furnace charge on the thermal state of the formation of the thermal reserve zone. Research methods - theoretical studies are based on the basic principles of physical chemistry and the theory of metallurgical processes. Experimental studies were carried out in laboratory and industrial conditions. Scientific novelty - there is a "coupling phenomenon" between recovery and gasification - this is a close contact between small particles of iron oxides and carbon, which is formed in the ore-coal composite, which ensures an increase in the efficiency of blast furnace smelting. Reduction of fuel consumption and, accordingly, the amount of gases per unit charge of modern blast furnace smelting, the height of the reserve zone is reduced; this zone is not observed in the vertical elements of the furnace with the maximum ore load. Practical significance - the use of ore-coal composites provides a high speed of iron recovery and carbon gasification reactions and a low initial temperature of carbon gasification of 250-420ºС, which is ensured by gas recirculation in the under burden, due to the short distance between the parts of iron-containing and carbon composites and their sizes, where the distance between them is short and the limit of the reaction is "visible" to both.
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