ТРАДИЦІЇ РОЗРІЗНЕННЯ ПРАВИХ ТА ЛІВИХ ПОЛІТИЧНИХ ПАРТІЙ: МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНИЙ КОНТЕКСТ

Abstract

The tradition of right/left separation of political forces in the methodological context is considered. The analysis of the basic principles that are crucial in assigning certain political parties to the right or left political spectrum is carried out. In particular, in the field of economics, the «right» is to identify those political forces that uphold the principles of private property, its priorities for collective ownership. «Left» political forces, on the contrary, support the idea of collectivization, nationalization, socialization, and so on. For the «right» political forces, priority is given to the principles of individualism, whereas for the «left» – collectivism. The distinction between «left» and «right» in Ukrainian society is rather weak. A large proportion of respondents in Ukraine do not have an idea of the differences between the right- wing parties or the left-wing parties, which indicates, first of all, the low level of their political awareness. Accordingly, when voting in parliamentary (or local) elections, Ukrainian voters choose a certain party not for its ideological features, but for other criteria. Often, Ukrainian voters are guided by a personalistic criterion, focusing on those who head the political party. Also important role – in the absence of understanding ideological priorities – acquires a value criterion (mainly at the level of the archetype «own»/«alien»). It was stated that party confrontations in Ukraine during electoral campaigns often turn into conflicts of values – but not ideological – priorities. That is, the attraction to values and principles, and not to ideological doctrines, is the main feature of most political parties of modern Ukraine.