Ультрамикроскопическое строение пейеровых бляшек тонкой кишки крыс после коррекции имунофаном экспериментальной иммуносупрессии

Abstract

Aim. To study the structure of Peyer’s patches at the ultramicroscopic level after the administration of imunofan against the background of experimentally modeled immunosuppression caused by the administration of cyclophosphamide. Materials and methods. The study was carried out on 36 white mature male rats, divided into 2 groups. The Group 1 included rats, which on the 1st day of the experiment were injected with cyclophosphamide at a dose of 200 mg/kg, and then imunofan according to the scheme on days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 at a dose of 0.7 μg/kg of body weight. Group 2 was formed from rats, which were injected with an equivalent amount of isotonic sodium chloride solution. Animals of the Group 1 were Taken out from the experiment on the days 7 and 30 after the correction of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression with imunofan. Pieces of Peyer’s patches were isolated and processed according to a standard technique. Ultrathin sections were contrasted in a solution of uranyl acetate and lead citrate according to E. Reynolds and studied under an electron microscope with further photographing. Results. It was found that lymphocytes, in most cases, are tightly adjacent to each other on the days 7 and 30 after the correction of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression with imunofan; in the control group, the stroma is more often located between them. In the nucleus of these cells, heterochromatin is located in clumps and adjoins the nuclear membrane; in the control group, it fills two-thirds of the karyoplasm. The cells with patterns of mitosis, lymphoblasts are often found, macrophages contain large lysosomes on days 7 and 30 of experiment, compared with the control group of rats. In plasmocytes, the granular endoplasmic reticulum occupied up to 2/3 of the cell cytoplasm. The stromal component is well expressed in the control group of animals, compared with the experimental one, and is represented by reticulocytes, reticular fibers and vessels, and fibroblastic reticular cells are also found. Conclusion. In an ultramicroscopic study, the administration of the immunomodulator imunofan against the background of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression promoted an increase in lysosomes in macrophages, lymphoblasts, cells with mitotic patterns, as well as the development of a granular endoplasmic reticulum on days 7 and 30 of the experiment, compared with the control group.