Антропогенная эвтрофикация в пелагической зоне Черного моря: долговременные тренды, механизмы, последствия

Abstract

In this book, we summarise results of research on long-term changes of biological, hydrochemical and biooptical properties, which represent indicators of anthropogenic eutrophication in the pelagic zone of the shelf and the open Black Sea. Based on these results and analysis of hydrochemical and physical structures of the shelf and open sea and their changes in the second half of the 20 th century under anthropogenic and climatic pressures, eutrophication mechanisms for different parts of the Black Sea have been proposed. The role of the hydrometeorological conditions is demonstrated. Calculations of the rate of annual primary production for various periods and regions of the Black Sea are presented, which allowed tracing of changes in its trophic status in the second half of the 20 th century – beginning of the 21 st century. The role of eutrophication in one of the key ecological problems of the Black Sea ecosystem – the negative changes in the pelagic trophic web – has been analysed. Based on this analysis, a mechanism of regime shifts is proposed. They occurred in the early 1990s and identified the current status of the sea. We address this book to specialists, graduate students and students in the field of oceanography, hydrobiology and ecology, as well as in related disciplines related to the Black Sea.