О понятиях общественного бытия, социальной реальности и общественного сознания

Abstract

In article the problem of reconsideration of the known formula “public consciousness reflects social being” is solved for what revision of all three categories which are this statement is offered. Is shown inaccuracy of aspiration to exclude consciousness from the sphere of being. In particular, the point of view according to which ignorance by people of regularities of the activity which is carried out by them, gives the grounds for an exception of their consciousness of the sphere of life critically is considered. In article the thought that it is necessary to distinguish concepts of social being and social reality is carried out. The social reality is always referred to a certain collective subject and, on the one hand, it is necessary its practical and spiritual activity, and with another is a reflection subject. Being considered as a reflection subject, the social reality acts as life. The last in this case is not reduced to the economic relations — it includes all circle of the relations (political, ideological and so forth), subject reality, culture, traditions with which it should interact and which it defines for itself(himself) as some reality. Life of the subject can be defined by degree of development of ability to a reflection inherent in his consciousness. Not reflective life, reflective not conceptual life and conceptual and reflective life are allocated. The offered paradigm allows to define sense of the social and reformative activity directed to formation of unity of society as mutual interpretation of various realities which carriers are various social subjects. This mutual interpretation is carried out in the difficult and continuously made process of spiritual life, in the works of art, theological texts, philosophical treatises correlating various types of social reality and developing a reflection over them.