간호대학생의 재난대응 자기효능감에 영향을 미치는 요인

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the disaster preparedness, disaster awareness, and disaster response self-efficacy among nursing students who need to act as field responders in the medical disaster, and to identify the factors influencing disaster response self-efficacy. Based on this research, we sought to identify key factors that could improve nursing students' disaster response self-efficacy and provide essential information for the development of programs to strengthen disaster response capabilities.
 A descriptive research design was used with a convenience sample of 400 nursing students. Data for this study were collected from nursing students in four universities located in the Gyeonggi, Jeolla, and Gyeongsang province of South Korea. A survey was conducted from May 1 to June 30, 2019 using a structured questionnaire. A total 336 questionnaires were used for analysis, excluding those with incomplete responses. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were conducted using IBM SPSS/WIN Statistics 21.0. In the multiple regression analysis, statistically significant variables were input in a stepwise manner through difference testing and correlation analysis between general characteristics and disaster response self-efficacy, and nominal variables were recoded as dummy variables.
 As a result of the analysis, the averages of disaster preparedness, disaster awareness, and disaster response self-efficacy were 2.95±2.81, 3.68±0.48, and 2.97±0.51. disaster response self-efficacy was significantly correlated with age(r=-.16, p=.004) and disaster awareness(r=.22, p<.001). The factors influencing disaster response self-efficacy were grade(4th grade)(β=-.588, p=<.001), area of residence(Jeolla-do)(β=-.206, p=.001), area of residence(Gyeongsang-do)(β=.486 p=<.001), size of residence(city)(β=.153, p=.021), experience with disaster nursing education(yes)(β=.151, p=.002) and disaster awareness(β=.216, p<.001), which explained 28.7% of the variances.
 These findings suggest that disaster response self-efficacy may vary based on exposure to disaster-related information or education. Therefore, disaster education should be continuously provided through regular or non-regular courses. Additionally, as disaster response self-efficacy may differ based on the residence area and its size, it is important to consider individual characteristics related to students' homes, schools, and local communities when developing or implementing disaster response programs. Consequently, various educational media and intervention programs should be utilized to enhance nursing college students' disaster preparedness, disaster awareness, and disaster response self-efficacy.