Abstract
According to the results of the World Geothermal Congress, data on installed capacity and generation of electric and thermal energy in the world and in Russia are presented. Estimates of the energy potential of geothermal fields in Russia and the specifics of their use are presented. The features of geothermal energy technologies are noted, taking into account the geological, hydrogeological and thermophysical parameters of geothermal fields. In Russia are used two types of geothermal power plants: wet-steam and binary ones with an intermediate working medium. The implemented schemes of geothermal power plants on wet geothermal steam with counter-pressure turbines, with water and air condensers are presented. The specific features of the construction of ground-based geothermal heat supply systems: open with discharge into surface reservoirs, closed with back-injection, surface with wells up to 400 m deep. Calculation methods, schematic diagrams and results of geothermal heat supply systems operation are presented. Measures for the development of Russian geothermal technologies are proposed.
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