ЕКСТРАКЦІЯ ПОЛІФЕНОЛЬНИХ СПОЛУК ІЗ ПРОДУКТІВ ПЕРЕРОБКИ ВИНОГРАДУ НИЗЬКОТЕМПЕРАТУРНИМ ЕВТЕКТИЧНИМ РОЗЧИННИКОМ БЕТАЇН-МОЛОЧНА КИСЛОТА

Abstract

The development of modern chemical technology and engineering is aimed at the concept of greening. Therefore, the search for effective green solvents for the extraction of natural organic compounds from vegetable raw materials is urgent. The use of DES is appropriate and is of increasing interest due to its environmental, technological, and economic features. DES are prepared from readily available materials with high purities, low cost, nontoxicity, non-flammability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability.In the work, the effect of water on the viscosity of deep eutectic solvent (DES) based on betaine and lactic acid was studied, and an assessment of polyphenolic compounds of grape pomace processing products was carried out with a water content of up to 10%. When 10% of water was added to DES, the viscosity decreased from 16,000.00 to 3,500.00 mPa s, when 25% of water was added, the viscosity decreased exponentially with increasing temperature. Research results showed that water content also affects other physical properties, such as density, with the density of DES decreasing linearly with increasing water content. When performing liquid chromatography-mass-spectrometry during extraction with DES, compared to a traditional solvent, higher peaks are observed, which indicates an increase in the yield of extraction using DES. The main components of grape pomace extract are hydroxycinnamic acids, anthocyanins, anthoxanthins and stilbenes. When determining the influence of the solvent on the composition of the extract, significant differences in the compound profile were found between extraction with a 70% ethanol solution and extraction using DES. A complex mixture of hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids was obtained during extraction with DES, while with a traditional solvent -mainly hydroxycinnamic acids. The extractive capacity of DES can be correlated with their physicochemical properties, including H-bonding interactions, polarity, and pH.