ПСИХОТЕРАПЕВТИЧНА РОБОТА З КАЗКОЮ ЯК ЕЛЕМЕНТ ВПЛИВУ НА ФОРМУВАННЯ ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОГО ЗДОРОВ’Я ДІТЕЙ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ

Abstract

Fairytale therapy is one of the effective methods of working with preschool children who are experiencing various emotional and behavioral difficulties. The essence of this method is to create a special fabulous atmosphere that makes the child’s dreams come true, allows the child to fight their fears and complexes. Fairytale therapy well overcomes the high level of anxiety in children, various fears, aggression, adapts to different children’s groups. Fairytale therapy can be used to deal with aggressive children, insecure, shy, susceptible to deception, as well as in cases of all kinds of psychosomatic illnesses. The process of fairytale therapy allows the child to understand and analyze their problems, to see ways to solve them. The basic principle of fairytale therapy is the holistic development of the individual, the care of the soul, the healing of the fairy tale. According to the results of theoretical and empirical study of fairytale therapy as an element of corrective influence on the formation of psychological health of preschool children, it is determined that the use of fairy tales in daily lessons with them gives an effective result in overcoming children’s anxiety, fears and complexes, stabilizes their emotional state, overcomes excessive aggressiveness in interaction with peers. The main task of fairy tales: to offer alternative behaviors, other exits from problematic situations through fairy-tale events and fairy-tale characters. At the same time performing various functions – diagnostic, prognostic, educational, corrective. At the choice of objects or audience, fairy tales can be individual and group, author and folk. We can choose them arbitrarily for the purpose of direct psychological and pedagogical influence on the problem, depending on the set goals. By freeing children from gaming addiction, the fairy-tale atmosphere allows toddlers to work out certain behavioral and role-playing stories, shaping adaptive and sparing, constructive and creative approaches to addressing urgent children’s problems. Listening, illustrating, playing fairy tales, supplementing and ending a fairy tale allows you to form adequate self-esteem and criticality today, and most importantly – independence and autonomy in the future. However, the results also gave us the opportunity to analyze that the immediate results of the lessons provided do not always give a lasting effect, and often children need reminders, re-discussing, playing the same fairy tale with the use of other activities, consolidating the acquired knowledge and skills in the form of play. Fairy tale as a cultural-philosophical and psychological-educational phenomenon significantly influences the mental health of the younger generation.