Обзор методов межъязыкового сопоставления ассоциативных полей

Abstract

The study is aimed at improving the method of processing data from psycholinguistic experimental studies with native speakers of national languages. The purpose of the work is to review the existing methods of interlingual comparison to select the base one for implementation in an information system consisting of a database of the Russian-Tatar- Bashkir associative dictionary and a module for calculating indicators of the measure of connectivity between stimulus in different languages. To study the linguistic consciousness of representatives of different languages in psycholinguistics, an associative experiment is effectively used, which is aimed at identifying associations that an individual has developed throughout life. The data obtained can be interpreted in different aspects in accordance with the direction of a particular study. In this regard, it is necessary to improve the methods of qualitative and statistical processing of extensive linguistic data obtained, as a result, of mass psycholinguistic experiments on the material of languages with different structures with the participation of many subjects. To study the structure of the associative field, quantitative and qualitative methods of data analysis are used. In quantitative analysis, the stimulus is considered as a set of frequencies that are interconnected by their relation to the same word, single reactions form the periphery, and frequency reactions form the core of the field. The article considers and analyzes the following methods: comparison of associative fields of the same name stimulus of associative experiments - contains a quantitative and qualitative analysis, and allows you to determine what semantic connection the studied languages are characterized by and whether the images of consciousness coincide; building a semantic gestalt - allows you to assess the positivity of images of linguistic consciousness, which concepts are significant, differences and similarities, whether they have a common understanding of basic, vital concepts; analysis of the core of AF - based on the level structure of the language and Leontiev’s model of speech production, a feature of this method is the selection of the prevailing lexical and lexical-grammatical mechanisms. Assessing the potential capabilities of the information system model for interlingual analysis of verbal associations, we can conclude that the method of constructing a semantic gestalt is most suitable for implementation.