МЕТОДИ ЗМЕНШЕННЯ ВТРАТ КІЛЬКОСТІ ТА ЯКОСТІ НАФТОПРОДУКТІВ

Abstract

Petroleum products are a mixture of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Duringtransportation and storage of oil products under the influence of changing environmentalconditions there is a change in quality indicators. The change in the quality of petroleum products reflects the real physico-chemical processes that occur in petroleum products during their transportation and storage. As a result of changes in the quality of petroleum products, their operational qualities deteriorate, which further leads to the impossibility of their use for their intended purpose. In modern conditions, there are many ways to reduce losses in quantity and quality of petroleum products during transportation and storage. All existing methods can be divided into several groups. The first group of measures is aimed at preventing the ingress of foreign liquids and mechanical impurities into petroleum products. Particular attention is paid to the detection andremoval of commodity water. The following measures are intended to improve the tightness of storage facilities and reduce the contact of petroleum products with ambient air. To reduce losses from fuel evaporation, the method of painting ground tanks in light colors is used, which allows to reduce the heating of tanks, which in turn reduces the evaporation of petroleum products. This method is very old, effective and well known. In addition, tanks of special design are used for storage of oil products, especially light ones. Tanks with pontoons and floating roofs. Theconstruction of the tanks reduces the free volume of air above the surface of petroleum products, which significantly reduces the loss of petroleum products from evaporation. This reduces the loss of petroleum products from evaporation. The use of methods to reduce fuel damage during transportation and storage leads to significant economic benefits in the future. Keywords: Loss of quantity and quality of oil products, transportation of oil products, storage of oil products, methods of reducing losses of oil products.