Abstract
This review article describes preparation and modification of oligonucleotides by condensation in aqueous solution. Nucleotides and oligonucleotides are generally soluble in water, but not in organic solvents. Reactions in aqueous solution are therefore indispensable. Condensation in aqueous media is thermodynamically unfavorable. Several methods have been devised to overcome this problem. Large amount of water soluble condensing agents such as EDC or cyanogen bromide are employed for the condensation of oligonucleotides. Use of imidazole-activated nucleotides is an another approach for the preparation and the modification of oligonucleotides. The control of pH of the reaction media is necessary to accomplish the efficient and regioselective condensation. Metal ions or polynucleotide template, wihch organize the substrate nucleotides by complex formation promote the target condensation.
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