Abstract
Democracy is often hailed as a natural form of government, yet it is not a system that arises effortlessly. Many stereotypes, beginning with the entrenched notion that democracy embodies the rule of the people, do not align with historical and factual realities. Initially, democracy represented the rule of a relative minority possessing economic resources and political power. Athenian democracy, which initially thrived, was ultimately destroyed when it devolved into an ochlocracy driven by the unreasonable interests of the masses, a transformation brought about by the power struggles among demagogues. Political elites seeking to control governance have actively promoted democracy, incorporating various norms and rules into it to ensure their continued authority by persuading the masses. Given that many modern criticisms of democracy stem from these distortions, it is necessary to reevaluate them historically and logically to identify areas for correction.
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