ЕКОЛОГІЧНА СВІДОМІСТЬ ЯК ОСНОВА ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ ОСОБИСТОСТІ

Abstract

The article shows that in the conditions of global ecological crisis Homo sapiens as a species can only survive if the problem of restoring historically lost balance of relations in the general system of "human being – natural environment" is resolved as soon as possible. We argue that such a process requires, first and foremost, an appropriate reorientation of the humanity's worldview with respect to the nature and formation of environmental consciousness in members of the human community based on such principles. It is proved that in the system of ecological consciousness the worldview plays a systematic role, because it gives a person the answer to the question about the main values and priorities in human life, provides appropriate ideological justification of thoughts and actions that meet the ecological needs of people and communities. It is emphasized that, in such a situation, the preservation and restoration of the environment, which forms the need for ecological activity, becomes a sense of human life. The role of historical types of worldview (mythological, religious, scientific) in shaping the attitude of a person to nature is shown. We also show that the characteristics of the main levels of formation of the person's ecological consciousness is, at the same time, the characteristics of their ecological maturity. This is due to the fact that the typological groups reflect the degree of perception of environmental ideas and the adoption of environmental principles with subsequent implementation in environmental activities. We show that the levels of environmental consciousness can be classified as naive-realistic, everyday-empirical, and conscious-theoretical. The naive-realistic level of maturity of environmental consciousness is characteristic of people who act as natural environmentalists in their lives. The everyday-empirical level is characterized by the existence (in the rational and emotional areas) of a negative attitude to environmental problems. The conscioustheoretical level of such consciousness is characterized by informed and active attitude to environmental problems. It is emphasized that in the process of forming an ecological worldview, there is a need to move from the dominance of the environmental paradigm to the dominance of the ideological, moral and ethical paradigms.