МІЖНАРОДНА ЕКОНОМІЧНА БЕЗПЕКА: ОЦІНКА СУЧАСНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА, ГЛОБАЛЬНІ ТРЕНДИ ТА РИЗИК-ФАКТОРИ

Abstract

The growing dynamism of international economic relations, changes in the alignment of forces on the world economic arena, the formation of new centers of global and regional influence, the emergence of complex, multidimensional models of international economic interaction; the development of the global financial crisis; development of information and communication technologies; fundamental shifts in the geopolitical space have exacerbated issues of ensuring economic security. A study of global trends affecting the modern environment of international economic security has allowed us to differentiate them into two types of unipolar, which pose pure risks to economic security; bipolar, which create security challenges. It has been determined that the most important global risk factors of a purely economic, ideological, political, socio-demographic, environmental and information and technological nature, which pose the greatest threats to the national economic security of countries and, accordingly, international economic security, are the following: competition of political and ideological doctrines and related economic strategies of countries; increased competition for markets; the aggravation of the struggle for resources (natural, including energy; human, including intellectual, financial) widening the gap between rich and poor countries, worsening global financial situation due to the global financial crisis; increasing the level of financialization of the global economy, the growing global influence of TNCs; increased conflict of interest between global companies and states; uncontrolled international migration; the development of the shadow economy, the growth of illegal capital migration and the problem of laundering dirty money; the growing impact of environmental threats on economic security; negative manifestations of deepening the integration of information technology in all areas of socio-economic life. It has been noted that individual mega-trends are threats to international and national economic security, are interrelated and closely correlate with each other.