Abstract
The article is focused on studying optimization algorithms that are relevant both for solving applied problems and for studying the artificial intelligence in general. Optimization methods are used to solve environmental problems including the issues of energy saving. It is important to solve problems of optimizing the thermo-hydraulic modes of buildings (as a part of the “Smart City” project), in particular, problems of eliminating temperature imbalance in terms of saving thermal energy and improving the microclimate in apartments. There is shown a mathematical formulation of the problem of optimizing the temperature modes of the indoor areas using adjustable devices. A hybrid algorithm applied to solve the problem has been described. The considered algorithm combines two optimization methods: a coordinate search method and a genetic algorithm. Thus, the stochastic component (element of the genetic algorithm) and the gradient component (element of the coordinate search method) are used in the hybrid algorithm. A description of the above algorithms is given including the mathematical apparatus used and the design formulas. The results of the numerical experiment for the suggested algorithm are presented. These results are compared with the results of applying the genetic algorithm and the method of coordinates search separately. There has been confirmed the hypothesis that in order to increase the efficiency of solving the considered class of problems, it is necessary to combine the genetic algorithm and gradient methods. At the same time, it has been inferred that in cases of low thermal power of radiators, optimization of the hydraulic resistance of valves is not sufficient, thermal insulation measures and replacement of radiators are also required. The practical value of the work lies in the possibility of solving the problem of saving thermal energy in the housing and communal services system.
Highlights
The article is focused on studying optimization algorithms that are relevant both for solving applied problems and for studying the artificial intelligence in general
Optimization methods are used to solve environmental problems including the issues of energy saving
There is shown a mathematical formulation of the problem of optimizing the temperature modes of the indoor areas using adjustable devices
Summary
И АЛГОРИТМА КООРДИНАТНОГО ПОИСКА ДЛЯ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ ОТАПЛИВАЕМЫХ ПОМЕЩЕНИЙ. В. Исследования совместной работы генетического алгоритма и алгоритма координатного поиска для оптимизации температуры отапливаемых помещений // Вестник Астраханского государственного технического университета. Посредством регулирования регулировочных клапанов отопительных приборов (применяется для действующих зданий). Постановка задачи В ходе исследования решалась задача оптимизации температурного режима помещений путем регулирования клапанов отопительных приборов и балансировочных клапанов стояков. Где z – количество регулировочных клапанов отопительных приборов и балансировочных клапанов стояков; i – номер помещения; N – количество помещений; ti – расчетная температура в помещении; tопт – температура в помещении, которую планируется достичь (в статье применено два варианта оптимизации: относительно нормативной и относительно средней температуры помещений по зданию); sj – сопротивление j-го клапана (j является номером клапана и принимает значение от 1 до z). Температура воздуха внутри отапливаемых помещений рассчитывается из уравнения теплового баланса [2], которое учитывает тепловой приток от теплоносителя в приборах отопления и тепловые потери через ограждающие конструкции (стены, окна, двери, пол и пр.): QсTт
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