ПОДОРОЖНЯ АНТРОПОЛОГІЯ У ЖУРНАЛІСТИЦІ: ІСТОРІЯ ТА ПРАКТИЧНІ МЕТОДИ

Abstract

Our study’s main object is travel anthropology, the branch of science that studies the history and nature of man, socio-cultural space, social relations, and structures by gathering information during short and long journeys. The publication aims to research the theoretical foundations and genesis of travel anthropology, outline its fundamental principles, and highlight interaction with related sciences. The article’s defining objectives are the analysis of the synthesis of fundamental research approaches in travel anthropology and their implementation in journalism. When we analyze what methods are used by modern authors, also called «cultural observers», we can return to the localization strategy, namely the centering of the culture around a particular place, village, or another spatial object. It is about the participants-observers and how the workplace is limited in space and time and the broader concept of fieldwork. Some disciplinary practices are confused with today’s complex, interactive cultural conjunctures, leading us to think of a laboratory of controlled observations. Indeed, disciplinary approaches have changed since Malinowski’s time. Based on the experience of fieldwork of Svitlana Aleksievich, Katarzyna Kwiatkowska-Moskalewicz, or Malgorzata Reimer, we can conclude that in modern journalism, where the tools of travel anthropology are used, the practical methods of complexity, reflexivity, principles of openness, and semiotics are decisive. Their authors implement both for stable localization and for a prevailing transition.