Двухслойный композит, армированный базальтовыми волокнами различной длины

Abstract

The article considers the issues of creating composites using long, continuous structures along the entire length of the structure, and short basalt fibers, and, based on them, multilayer composite materials as reinforcement. A mathematical description of the strength properties of multilayer composite materials based on layers of composites using long, continuous along the entire length of the structure, and short basalt fibers as reinforcement is considered. The results of theoretical studies showed that the multilayer composite material has improved properties. The first layer of material, which is a layer of reinforcement made of continuous fibers, provides tensile and bending strength. The second layer of composite material provides thermal insulation properties and compressive and deformation strength. This layer consists of a composite whose reinforcement is short fibers. It is shown that a multilayer composite material, which is a combination of composites created on the basis of long continuous and short fibers, works as a single system. The first layer of the composite, created on the basis of continuous fibers, works in tension and bending, the second layer, created on the basis of short fibers, determines the strength characteristics during compression and deformation. In order to confirm the theoretical results, work was carried out to create composites based on long and short basalt fibers. When creating a layered composite, a heat-insulating plate was used as the first component, which was reinforced with pieces of basalt fiber. For the production of such plates, a plant was developed to obtain pieces of basalt fiber and further uniform distribution of these pieces in a composite plate. A multilayer composite material with improved properties based on long and short basalt fibers is obtained. The composite slab was reinforced with a mesh assembled from continuous basalt fibers.