Морфология регионарных лимфатических узлов при экспериментальном канцерогенезе предстательной железы

Abstract

Background: the migration of tumor cells into blood and lymphatic vessels is a key stage of the metastatic process in malignant neoplasms. Moreover, the presence of tumor cells in the lymph nodes is an indicator of cancer aggressiveness, and the histopathological characteristics of the lymph nodes are one of the important parameters for the treatment prognosis and patient survival Aim: to evaluate changes in the lymph nodes of mice during experimental carcinogenesis in the prostate gland. Material and Methods: the study was conducted on CBA inbred 3-month-old male mice (n=30). To create a model of malignant tumor growth in the prostate gland, a diluted cell strain of transplantable Ehrlich ascites carcinoma was inoculated into the prostate parenchyma. A model of prostate carcinogenesis was created in 18 days by transplanting Ehrlich ascites carcinoma into prostate tissue in mice (n=15; main group). The remaining 15 mice were in the control group. All manipulations with animals were carried out in compliance with the basic ethical principles. After the animals were removed from the experiment, a morphological analysis of the prostate and regional (pelvic) lymph nodes was performed. The area and cellular composition concerning the main structural and functional zones of the pelvic lymph nodes in both groups of animals were evaluated Results: this study showed that the cellular composition changed in the setting of prostate carcinogenesis in the pelvic lymph nodes. In the main group of animals, the number of immunoblasts significantly prevailed in the germinal center of secondary lymphoid nodules versus the control group (p<0,05). An increase in immunoblasts by almost 2 times in mice (experimental group) indicated the inhibition of humoral immunity in prostate carcinogenesis. Also, in the main group, the area of the cortical substance decreased by 14.5% and the area of the paracortex increased by 28.4% versus the control group (p<0,05). Conclusion: the first metastases of prostate cancer appear in regional lymph nodes. On the 18th day of prostate carcinogenesis, the structure of regional lymph nodes undergoes changes: paracortical hyperplasia, a decrease in the area of medullary cords and medullary substance, a decrease in cerebral sinuses KEYWORDS: prostate cancer, carcinogenesis, experiment, Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, lymphangiogenesis, lymph node, regional metastases. FOR CITATION: Astashov V.V., Lomshakov A.A., Tsekhmistrenko T.A. et al. Morphology of regional lymph nodes in experimental prostate carcinogenesis. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2022;6(4):171–176 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6-4-171-176.