Обоснование условий устойчивости откаточных штреков в глубоких шахтах

Abstract

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to justify the conditions of stability and features of manifestations of rock pressure on the circuit of local preparatory workings with different methods of protection in deep mines.Research Methods. An integrated approach is used, including analysis and generalization of theoretical and experimental studies on the problem of the stability of excavation preparatory workings, with different methods of protection, in mines developing steeply and steeply bedded layers at great depths.Results. As a result of the experimental and analytical studies, it was found that when guarding haulage drifts by compliant security structures (rolling fires from wooden sleepers), the load on the lining of the preparatory mine over time, as the lava moves, tends to a finite value in hyperbolic dependence. In this case, there is a change in its growth, and the displacements of the lateral rocks on the contour of the recoil drift take the greatest values in the initial period of time after coal extraction. However, when protecting the production by fragile security structures, the pillars of coal, a change in the load growth on the lining per unit time occurs according to a linear law, which leads to a deterioration in the stability of the recoil drift behind the face, associated with the loss of the bearing capacity of the lining, designed to support the preparatory development.Scientific novelty. The stability conditions of the recoil drift are based on the representation of the lining installed in the excavation excavation, in the form of a geometrically unchanged system, individual elements of which experience bending deformations from the action of external forces that appear when unloading the coal-bearing massif as a result of mining operations.Practical significance. To improve the safety of miners in deep mines, it is necessary to use compliant structures or laying out worked out space to protect recoil drifts, based on increasing their stability, which ensures their operational state behind the face.