ヴェーバー宗教社会学における〈正統と異端〉

Abstract

The relationship between “Orthodoxy and Heterodoxy” has been one of the central problems of the European (Christian) cultural world, but it has been largely ignored in the studies of Max Weber's sociology of religion. The contention in this paper is that Weber did not directly address this problem in his studies of Protestantism, but rather discussed it in his studies of the “Asian cultural world”, namely in “Confucianism and Taoism” and “Hinduism and Buddhism”. The problem of “Orthodoxy and Heterodoxy” is therefore related not only to “Church and Sect” and “Toleration and Exclusion”, but also to “‘Orthodoxy and Heterodoxy’ and Heathenism”. Here one receives a glimpse into the secret background of Weber's “comparative” sociology of religion.