Зміни агрофізичних властивостей чорнозему типового під впливом застосування добрив і обробітку грунту

Abstract

The solution to the problem of increasing the production of agricultural products largely depends on the correct assessment of the level of fertility and cultivation of the soil, a clear understanding of its main indicators optimal for cultivated plants and the use of an effective soil fertility management system on this basis. The goal is to determine the effect of the use of systems of basic tillage and fertilization in grain-tilled crop rotation on changes in soil density in the agrophytocenosis of winter wheat. Methods: The soil density was determined with M. Kachinsky cylinders in the arable layer of 0–10, 10–20, 20–30 sm. The results of stationary studies of the effect of prolonged (2012–2019) application of three options deep coarse-silty-medium loamy in ten-field grain-row crop rotation of the right-bank forest-steppe for its agrophysical indicators. It has been established that the variant of dump-dump-free tillage in the crop rotation creates the best agrophysical conditions for the fertility of typical chernozem. The use of shallow moldboard-free tillage led to a significant increase in soil density (on average by 0,02–0,04 g/sm3) compared to the control. The use of shallow moldboard-free tillage led to a significant decrease in the total porosity by 2,2% in comparison with differentiated and moldboard-free tillage.