早出しスイートコーンの多収・高品質生産に及ぼす分げつ残存栽培と環境要因の影響

Abstract

Light utilization of plants, growth, yield and quality were compared between tiller-keeping and tiller-removing cultivation for early shipment of sweet corn. The transmission rate of solar radiation to the ground in tiller-keeping cultivation was 10% less than that in tiller-removing cultivation, suggesting the light utilization was higher in tiller-keeping method. The leaf areas of plant in tiller-keeping and in tiller-removing cultivation were 7053 and 2953 cm2, respectively. The root weight generated from culm base of a plant in tiller-keeping and in tiller-removing cultivation were 33.4g and 24.6g, respectively. These results suggest that tiller-keeping cultivation results in higher growth caused by its effective light-intercepting characteristics than tiller-removing cultivation. Sterility ear reduces the weight and quality of sweett corn. Productivity and quality of ears were compared among three cropping type using plastic greenhouse, plastic tunnel and plastic mulch. In each cropping type, fresh weights of a plant and ear were higher in tiller-keeping than tiller-removing cultivation, and the lengths of sterile part from the ear tip in tiller-keeping were shorter than in tiller-removing cultivation. Ear weight per plant was correlated negatively with planting rate, however, degree of decrease was smaller in tiller-keeping than in tiller-removing. These results confirmed that tiller-keeping cultivation results in effective light-intercepting characteristics to produce high yield and quality in sweet corn for early shipment.