ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЙ ПОЛИМОРФИЗМ ЦИТОКИНОВ В ОЦЕНКЕ РИСКА РАЗВИТИЯ И ПРОГНОЗА ТЕЧЕНИЯ БРОНХООБСТРУКТИВНЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ГЕНЕЗА

Abstract

One of the significant systems in the pathogenesis of lung diseases is the system of cytokines. Genetic polymorphism of cytokines can be associated with different levels of cytokine production when exposed to a stimulus of the same intensity in response to antigenic irritation, or tissue damage, which can determine individual sensitivity to chemicals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms of cytokine genes with the development and severity of occupational bronchoobstructive diseases, taking into account the specifics of occupational factors. Materials and methods. Examined groups: COPD from exposure to welding aerosol (n=32), asthma from exposure to high-molecular allergens of organic origin (n=31), from exposure to low-molecular chemical allergens (n=37), from exposure to metal-allergens (n=68), group comparison — without lung diseases (n=200). Genotyping of polymorphisms TNF-α G308A, IL‑6 С174G, IL‑4 С589Т, IL‑10 G1082A was carried out. Results. The association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the TNF-α gene with the development of occupational asthma from exposure to low-molecular chemical allergens (OR=2.043; 95% CI 1.050‑3.975), the association of IL‑10 gene with the development of COPD from exposure to welding aerosol (OR=2.653; 95% CI 1.211‑5.815) was determined, the IL‑6 gene — with the severity of asthma from exposure to low-molecular chemical allergens, the IL‑4 gene — with the severity of asthma from exposure to metal allergens. Conclusion. The differential informative value of the detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms of cytokine genes as risk markers for the development and severe course of bronchoobstructive diseases, depending on the specifics of occupational factors, was determined.