Abstract
Large size direct shear tests (i.e.300 300mm) were conducted to investigate the interaction characteristics between clay-geogrid, sand-geogrid and clay-sand-geogrid. The lack of adequate frictional resistance between clay and reinforcing elements was compensated by using thin sand layers to encapsulate the geogrid. Results indicate that encapsulating geogrids in thin layers of sand is very effective in enhancing the strength and deformation behaviour of reinforced clay. Variations of bond coefficient indicate that the shear resistance between the geogrid and the soil can be larger than the shear resistance of the soil itself. The increase in the shear resistance is mainly due to the influence of the geogrid apertures providing some bearing resistance during shear. In order to investigate the effects of passive resistance provided by the transverse members of the geogrid, several tests were conducted with these members removed. Total shear resistance provided by the geogrids with transverse members removed was approximately 10% lower than shear resistance of geogrids with transverse members.
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