РОЛЬ ОКИСЛИТЕЛЬНОГО СТРЕССА В ПАТОФИЗИОЛОГИИ КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНОЙ ПАТОЛОГИИ

Abstract

Introduction. In the pathogenesis of a number of diseases, a significant role is played by redox imbalance, which is referred to as oxidative (oxidative stress) stress. Aim. The aim of the study is to review current information on the pathophysiological mechanisms of the influence of oxidative stress on the development of cardiovascular pathology. Material and methods. A review of current published studies on the effect of oxidative stress on the development and course of cardiovascular pathology was carried out. Results and discussion. Oxidative stress, disorders of the antioxidant system, and inflammation are considered the leading links in the pathogenesis and progression factors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, heart failure, arterial hypertension, and others. Conclusion. By maintaining the physicochemical parameters of biological membranes regulating intracellular homeostasis and protein kinase activity, free radicals take part in key biological reactions, such as differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Strengthening reactions of free radical oxidation of lipids leads to damage to membranes and enzymatic systems, acting as a trigger factor for hidden genetically determined changes. Inflammation is a pathological process inextricably linked with oxidative stress, which develops in tissues in response to their damage due to the action of agents of an infectious and non-infectious nature. Maladaptive inflammation leads to systolic and diastolic dysfunction through cardiovascular remodeling. Oxidative stress due to damage to the endothelial lining leads to the formation of endothelial dysfunction. The combination of the described pathological processes leads to cardiovascular diseases.