Геоинформационная оценка пространственного распределения и функционирования орошаемых земель Светлоярского района Волгоградской области

Abstract

Geoinformation assessment of spatial data is carried out in order to establish the condition and location of irrigated lands on the territory of the Svetloyarsky District of the Volgograd region, as well as their geomorphological characteristics using remote sensing data, digital terrain models, soil maps. The results of the study make it possible to develop a system of socio-economic measures for the effective use of agricultural land and land management. The objectives of the study included: establishing the spatial position, geometric, soil characteristics of irrigated arable land in the study area, as well as developing a map of the distribution of irrigated land, taking into account their use. The boundaries of 1423 plots of irrigated arable land with an area of 52,300.1 hectares have been determined, with the specification of their configuration, spatial placement, relief, exposure based on remote sensing data. The average slope angle of irrigated arable land is 1.16°, the average size of the irrigated arable land plot is 36.6 hectares. The largest area of distribution (33,637.1 hectares) was received by irrigated lands on a slope steepness of 0.5°–1.0°. To a greater extent—60.8 % of irrigated lands are located on chestnut salt flats with light chestnut salt complexes. The proportion of light chestnut salty with chestnut salt is 13.5 %. On other types of soils, irrigated lands occupy from 0.6 % to 7.4 %. The calculated value of potential soil flushing in the areas of irrigated arable land most susceptible to the spread of erosion processes ranges from 6.4 t/ha to 35.1 t/ha. Obtaining data on the condition and functioning of irrigated lands on the basis of geoinformation technologies is aimed at preserving soil fertility and maintaining the conditions for the functioning of the agricultural landscape as a whole.