Διαστασιολόγηση τάφρων ανάσχεσης καταπτώσεων

Abstract

This bachelor thesis concerns the rockfalls, a phenomenon that can cause slope failures, which can lead to problems due to block falls onto the road network of mountainous regions or rocky cuts. The aim of the protection measures is to restrain the falling blocks in order to protect the users of the road network. However, sometimes rock failures may affect in a negative way, like blocking a part of the road network due to the limited or non-existent precaution measures. For the avoidance of the aforementioned situations, dimensioning and the establishment of the necessary rock fall precaution measures are considered to be an important priority. In this particular thesis, a detailed description is being made about rock falls, the phenomenon that results in rock failure. Furthermore, the triggering factors that provoke rock fall occurrences and a review of the precaution measures for the rock falls are being elaborated. The most important part of this thesis is the rock fall cut. The main triggering factors of the rock falls are the seismic vibrations and heavy rainfalls. The majority of rocky slopes, due to the discontinuities that divide the rockmass into rock blocks, is noticeable in the parts of the cuts that are prone to fail. Taking into consideration the condition of the rocky slope, the meteorological conditions of the study area and the likelihood to earthquakes, the appropriate measures can be taken for the avoidance of rock failure. For this purpose, in this particular study a parametric analysis with the use of a specific program -that is called “Rocfall”- is conducted, examining the main parameters that affect the dimensioning of the ditches that are created from road constructions. More specifically, the parameters examined with the analyses performed are: the height and the slope of the cut, the coefficients of restitution that are related to the rock type of the cut and various catchment ditches geometries.