О ГЕОМЕТРИЧЕСКИ НЕЛИНЕЙНЫХ ОПРЕДЕЛЯЮЩИХ СООТНОШЕНИЯХ УПРУГОГО МАТЕРИАЛА

Abstract

In the field of solid mechanics it is often necessary to use constitutive (physical) relations in the rate form, for example, for formulation of the boundary value problem in the rate form with contact conditions when a contact area is a priori unknown and changes in a deformation process. The paper considers some questions of formulating geometrically nonlinear constitutive relations of elastic material in the rate form and the relationship of these equations and the constitutive relations in the finite form. In many existing elastic and elasto-plastic models Hooke's law (written in terms of the actual configuration) is used as the constitutive relation. As a rule, the rate measure of the strain is deformation rate tensor (the symmetrical part of velocity gradient) and the stress rate measure is some objective derivative (convective or corotational) of weighted Kirchhoff stress tensor. The use of the convective derivative leads to certain difficulties, for example, analysis of evolution stress state in a deformable basis is complicated; consequently, convective derivatives are excluded from consideration. Using a stress tensor corotational derivative instead of the material derivative (derivative by time) allows satisfying the principle of material indifference (the principle of independence of constitutive relation from the choice of reference frame), however a choice of the derivative type can be implemented by many ways. An arbitrary selection of stress corotational derivative leads to undesirable effects: stress oscillations for the simple shear monotonic loading (for example, for Jaumann derivative), “not closed” stress trajectories and nonzero stress work for a closed deformation trajectory. In papers of A. Meyers, H. Xiao, O. Bruhns corotational derivative (with logarithmic spin or logspin) was proposed.The derivative of the right Hencky's strain tensor is exactly equal to deformation rate tensor. When using this derivative in the constitutive relation the described effects are missing, on the basis of this remarked logspin authors state the logspin exclusivity and recommend it only for using in rate form constitutive relations. The article shows full compliance between Hooke's law in the rate and finite form under conditions: existence of the material basis in which properties of the body (in this case - elastic) remain unchanged and the use of the same type corotational derivative for stress and strain measures. Computational experiments for illustration of the proved assertion about the equivalence of different Hooke's law forms were conducted: various measures of strain state and their corotational derivatives are considered; a kinematic loading in a closed cycle (in the space of deformations) is applied. It is shown for isotropic elastic materials that stress trajectories are closed. When using work-conjugacy stress and strain measures the dissipation energy is absent. Thus it is possible to question the exclusive choice of logarithmic spin and the above-mentioned commonly used measures of stress-strain state. In formulating and solving the problems of solid mechanics there should be an opportunity to use different stress-strain measures and their objective derivatives, the choice of measures and constitutive relations should be justified from the point of physical analysis of the process.